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A labeled snapshot of your code that you can return to later.
A point-in-time snapshot of a Git repository. Each commit references its parent, the tree of files at that moment, an author, a timestamp, and a message. The commit hash uniquely identifies it.
A Git object that points to a tree (the project's contents) and one or more parents (its lineage). Cryptographically chained via parent SHAs, making history tamper-evident. Merge commits have multiple parents; rebases create new commits with new SHAs but copy the diffs.